Peruvian culture has its roots in the populations that have inhabited this part of South America since prehistory. The first civilization as such that populated the north-central coast was that of Caral, of which the archaeological site still remains with its famous pyramids. Among the other prominent successive civilizations was that of Chavin, known above all for its ceremonial centers. Then the first great domains began, such as the Moche, the first Wari empire, close to the Tiwanaku influence, until finally reaching the great Inca Empire, the most supreme, which extended over Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. With its capital in Cusco, the imperial city, the empire developed an effective bureaucratic system and an extensive road network to connect the entire empire. Then came the arrival of the Spanish and mixing it with European culture.
To date, Peru enjoys a multitude of influences: Spanish, African, Japanese and Italian, to mention only the main ones. This cultural diversity is reflected in the kitchen, considered the best in the world in recent years (in-depth study in the gastronomy section). With this succession of cultures, the Peruvian archaeological heritage can be considered among the richest in the world. The northern sites represent a unique treasure of Peru, testifying to the history of the entire continent. The Lambayeque pyramids, the city of Chan Chan, the stronghold of Kuelap, the Huaca del Sol, the Chavin ceremonial centers are just a few examples.
Cultural heritage translates into traditions that still live today, such as the Inti Raymi and Pachamama festivities. Religion, although predominantly Catholic, was also influenced by pre-Columbian ones. Further evidence of the perseverance of the Andean culture is the use of minor languages, such as Quechua, widely used in the areas of the sierra. Music has taken on great importance since Nazca culture (I-VI century A.D.) with the invention of the famous antara, built then in ceramic. During the Inca period, music was always accompanied by dance, and the two things were indicated with a single term: taki. Dances, as well as music, have their roots in age-old traditions. To date, the most famous dance in Peru is the Marinera, typical of the north coast.
In an atmosphere of cultural mix, but which nevertheless has well-defined roots, Peru is an open country, which has much to offer and which welcomes millions of tourists from all over the world every year. One of the most fascinating destinations from every point of view and which is a must for any traveler who defines himself as such.